Aplicación Contemporánea de la Esvástica

Una perspectiva de la Ecología de los Medios

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.46391/ALCEU.v22.ed46.2022.284

Palabras clave:

Antisemitismo, Esvástica, Judíos, Universidad, Estados Unidos, Ecología de los medios, Tecnología, Odio

Resumen

Continuando con el trabajo de Aronis y Aoki (2021) sobre las esvásticas como tecnologías de la violencia, este ensayo se centra específicamente en las formas contemporáneas de aplicación de las esvásticas en los campus de los EE. a favor del antisemitismo. El autor examina el material y el medio de la esvástica, así como su proceso de producción, para descomponer su naturaleza violenta, acosadora y amenazante para la comunidad judía de las universidades estadounidenses, así como para otras comunidades minoritarias y raciales potenciales. A través de cinco lentes de exploración tecnológica, material y comunicativa (montaje, doble marcado, sesgo espacio-temporal, (re)mediación y prescripción), el autor aclara cómo las esvásticas expuestas crean un efecto traumático para los estudiantes universitarios de origen judío. Esto puede ayudar a los investigadores y profesores con respecto al tema y su cura.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Biografía del autor/a

Carolin Aronis, Universidade Estadual do Colorado

Professora Assistente no Departamento de Estudos Étnicos da Universidade Estadual do Colorado, Departamento de Estudos Étnicos, Fort Collins, Colorado, EUA. Estuda raça, gênero, antissemitismo e experiência judaica por meio de um estudo interseccional de mídias, retórica e tecnologia.

Citas

WJZ—CBS BALTIMORE. Students shocked after swastika scribbled on Bowie State building. 13WJZ—CBS Baltimore. 13 de novembro de 2015. Acessado em 19 de fevereiro de 2022:

https://baltimore.cbslocal.com/2015/11/13/suspect-scribbles-swastika-on-campus-building-amidstprotests/

AMCHA INITIATIVE (website). Incident Database. Amcha Initiative. Acessado em 2022:

https://amchainitiative.org/ (Incident Database)

ANTI-DEFAMATION LEAGUE. U.S. Antisemitic Incidents Remained at Historic High in 2020. Anti-Defamation League, 2021. Acessado em 19 de fevereiro de 2022: https://www.adl.org/news/press-releases/usantisemitic-incidents-remained-at-historic-high-in-2020

______. Antisemitism. Anti-Defamation League. Acessado em 30 de maio de 2021:

https://www.adl.org/anti-semitism

______. Swastika. Anti-Defamation League. Acessado em 30 de maio de 2021:

https://www.adl.org/education/references/hate-symbols/swastika

ARONIS, Carolin. Antisemitism in the U.S.: New media, new semantics, new problems. ETC: A Review of General Semantics, v. 76, n. 3-4, 2019/2020.

ARONIS, Carolin; AOKI, Eric (2021). Nooses and Swastikas in US Academic Spaces: From Hate Symbols to Violent Technologies [manuscript submitted for publication]. Department of Ethnic Studies and Department of Communication Studies, Colorado State University.

AVIDAN, David. The Stain Remained on the Wall. In: Poets on the Edge: An Anthology of Contemporary Hebrew Poetry, ed. Tsipi Keller. Albany: SUNY Press, 2008.

BENJAMIN, Ruha. Introduction: Discriminatory Design, Liberating Imagination. In: Captivating Technology: Race, Carceral Technoscience, and Liberatory Imagination in Everyday Life. Durham: Duke University Press Books, 2019.

BLAKEMORE, Erin. Until 1975, ‘Sexual Harassment’ Was the Menace With No Name. History, 2018. Acessado em 26 de fevereiro de 2022: https://www.history.com/news/until-1975-sexual-harassment-was-themenace-with-no-name

BOLTER, Jay David; GRUSIN, Richard. Remediation: Understanding New Media. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1999.

COATES, Rodney D.; FERBER, Abby L.; BRUNSMA, David L. The Matrix of Race. SAGE, 2017.

DAVIS, Sean. Mizzou Releases Photos of Poop Swastika, Discloses Details Of Previously Unreported Racial Slurs. The Federalist. 12 de novembro de 2015. Acessado em 26 de fevereiro de 2022: https://thefederalist.com/2015/11/12/mizzou-releases-photos-of-poop-swastika-discloses-details-ofpreviously-unreported-racial-slurs/

DE CASTRO, Elijah. Swastika discovered drawn onto glass of Baker Hallway. The Ithacan. 4 de fevereiro de 2022. Acessado em 7 de fevereiro de 2022: https://theithacan.org/news/swastika-discovered-drawn-ontoglass-of-baker-hallway/

FOUCAULT, Michel. Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison. New York: Random House, 1975.

HAMPSON, Rick. Swastika use is on the rise, but among those who understand it least. USA TODAY. 13 de agosto de 2017. Acessado em 5 de março de 2022:

https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2017/08/13/swastika-use-rise-nazis-trump-charlottesvilleviolence/104488402/

HELLER, Steven. The Ministry of Fear. Social Research, v. 71, n. 4, p. 849-862, 2004.

______. The Swastika: Symbol Beyond Redemption?. New York: Allworth Press, 2008.

HOLOCAUST ENCYCLOPEDIA. The history of the Swastika. Holocaust Encyclopedia, 2017. Acessado em 10 de fevereiro de 2022: https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/history-of-the-swastika

______. The Boycott of Jewish Businesses. Holocaust Encyclopedia. 2021. Acessado em 5 de março de 2022:

https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/the-boycott-of-jewish-businesses

INNIS, Harold A. The Bias of Communication (second edition). Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1951/2012.

KELLNER, Douglas. Cultural studies, multiculturalism, and media culture. In: YOUSMAN, Bill; BINDIG

YOUSMAN, Lori; DINES, Gail; MCMAHON HUMEZ, Jean (eds). Gender, Race, and Class in Media: A Critical Reader (p. 7-18). Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications, 2021.

LANE, Andy. What is technology?. OpenLearn: Free Learning from the Open University. 2019. Acessado em 1 de fevereiro de 2022: https://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/engineering-andtechnology/technology/what-technology

LEVI JULIAN, Hana. Swastikas Spray-Painted Across Wilmington, Delaware. JewishPress.COM. 15 February 2022. Retrieved 5 March, 2022: https://www.jewishpress.com/news/breaking-news/swastikas-spray-paintedacross-wilmington-delaware/2022/02/15/?msclkid=7360dafecfbd11eca614cde1c0e4ab43

LIPSTADT, Deborah. Antisemitism: Here and Now. New York: Schocken Books, 2019.

MARVIN, Carolyn. When Old Technologies Were New: Thinking About Electric Communication in the Late Nineteenth Century. New York: Oxford University Press, 1988.

MCLUHAN, Marshall. Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 1964/1999.

QUINN, Malcolm. The Swastika: Constructing the Symbol. New York: Routledge, 1994.

https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2018/11/29/they-got-me-im-afraid-swastikas-spray-paintedjewish-professors-office-columbia/

ROACHE, Madeline. Surge in Anti-Semitic Attacks Has Caused a 'Sense of Emergency' Among Jews Worldwide, New Report Says. Time. 2 de maio de 2019. Acessado em 19 de fevereiro de 2022: https://time.com/5580312/kantor-center-anti-semitism-report/

ROSENBERGER, Robert. Callous Objects. University of Minnesota Press, 2018.

SHARMA, Sarah. In the Meantime: Temporality and Cultural Politics. Durham & London: Duke University Press, 2014.

SLACK, Jennifer Daryl; WISE, J. Macgregor. Culture and Technology: A Primer. New York: Peter Lang Publishing, 2015.

STANLEY-BECKER, Isaac. 'They got me. I’m afraid.’: Swastikas spray-painted on a Jewish professor’s office at Columbia. The Washington Post. 29 de novembro de 2018. Acessado em 19 de fevereiro de 2022:

https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2018/11/29/they-got-me-im-afraid-swastikas-spray-paintedjewish-professors-office-columbia/

STOLTZFUS, Nathan. Resistance of the Heart: Intermarriage and the Rosenstrasse Protest in Nazi Germany. New York: Rutgers University Press, 2001.

STRATE, Lance. Media Ecology: An Approach to Understanding the Human Condition. New York: Peter Lang, 2017.

UNITED STATES HOLOCAUST MEMORIAL MUSEUM. “Nazi Anti-Jewish Boycott” (Circa 1933). United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Acessado em 7 de fevereiro de 2022:

https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/film/nazi-anti-jewish-boycott?parent=en%2F3225

______. Nuremberg Race Laws. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Acessado em 7 de fevereiro de 2022: https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/nuremberg-laws

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE. Defining Antisemitism. U.S. Department of state. 2010. Acessado em 5 de fevereiro de 2022: https://www.state.gov/defining-antisemitism/

WINNER, Langdon. The Whale and the Reactor: A Search for Limits in an Age of High Technology (second edition). Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2020.

ZAGACKI, Kenneth S.; GALLAGHER, Victoria J. Rhetoric and Materiality in the Museum Park at the North Carolina Museum of Art. Quarterly Journal of Speech, v. 95, n. 2, p. 171-191, 2009.

Publicado

2022-05-18

Cómo citar

Aronis, C. . (2022). Aplicación Contemporánea de la Esvástica: Una perspectiva de la Ecología de los Medios. ALCEU, 22(46), 96–117. https://doi.org/10.46391/ALCEU.v22.ed46.2022.284

Número

Sección

Media Ecology